Allergic Dis., Nerves Sys. Dis., Digestive Sys. Dis., Respiratory Sys. Dis., Urinary Sys. Dis., Surgery Dis.

Digestive System Diseases

Diarrhea

Vomiting

Vomiting:

Vomiting is one of three most prevalent complain in infanticide period and beginning of childhood. Of course, vomiting and regurgitation can be natural for an infant but they should be evaluated carefully for the one who vomits repeatedly.

Vomiting that is continuous should be considered seriously not only because of its importance regarding the factor that causes it but because of aridity and electrolyte disorders and possible aspiration.

Causes:

Undesirable way of nutrition, accumulation of mucus in pharynx back, using foods, digestive, respiratory and ear inflammation, cerebral hypoxemia, closure of intestine and flatulence, pylorostenosis ,invagination, navel hernia, chemical stimulation and ray, nervous anorexia, hearing undesirable things, inhalation of unpleasant smell, emotional factors and stress.

The central of vomiting is in medulla.

Points:

Infants repeated vomiting may be because of pylorostenosis. Vomiting immediately after eating milk may be related to contents of milk and its high volume that is indicating high stomach flatulence or undesirable way of nutrition.

Vomiting without clod and unchanged foods is related to esophagus and vomiting with color and smell of stool is related to down part of intestinal system and indicating closure or upper part of digestive system. Also feeding more milk to an infant causes vomiting.

Nursing Measure?

1. Preventing of aspiration and suffocation by locating head on one side (that is the most important nursing action).

2. Controlling and recording time, volume, alternation and features of vomiting.

3. Reviewing and identifying way and kind of nutrition and food allergic.

4. Using filtrated isotonic liquids.

5. Using slices of ice, water, jelly, dilute juice, gingery liquid, then after increase of a child's stand to foodstuffs, using salty biscuits and Rusk with butter, dilute broth, then after inverse of a child's stand, we can use usual foods.

6. Medicinal actions against vomiting.

7. Controlling intake and output of liquids in the hard cases because of risk of aridity.

Instruction to parents:

When a child vomits and has following signs, certainly contact a doctor.

• Vomiting for 6 hours
• Excretion of dark-colored, thick low-volume urine
• Loose skin
• Drying saliva and tear
• Sleepiness or unusual unrest

Consequences and actions of prevention are dependant on the reason of vomiting